In the one-sample case, you are comparing the statistic from a sample to a known population parameter to determine whether the sample is from the general population. In the two-sample case, you are comparing the statistics from two different samples to determine whether the samples are from the same or different populations. There are important differences between the one-sample case and the two-sample case.

Suppose you decide to test whether students' SAT scores are related to the number of hours that they prepared. Will this consist of a one-sample or a two-sample hypothesis test?

Neither

Two-sample

One-sample

The two-sample case requires the assumption that there is independent random sampling. Suppose you decide to investigate whether participation in intensive SAT preparation courses affects SAT scores. You collect a random sample of 78 students and obtain their SAT scores. Are both samples independent random samples?

No

Not applicable

Yes

Can you use the sample or samples you collected to conduct the hypothesis test you will use to investigate your research question?

Yes

Not applicable

No