In the paper$-$cutting machine shown in Fig. $1,$ it is required that $40$ deg rotation of the handle

should rotate the cutter by $20$ deg $.$ Graphically determine the value of $\text{'}e\text{'}$ required to

accomplish this.

A level$-$luffing crane is shown in Fig. $2.$ The coupler point C is required to travel in a

straight line defined by $C_1,C_2$ and $C_3.$ Graphically determine the required link lengths $O_{2}A$

and AB $.$

Fig. $1$