In the U$.$S$.,$ is there a legally required minimum amount of paid time off an employer has to give you as an employee?

Yes; under FMLA an employee should get $12$ weeks of paid time off.

No; there are no federal laws that require paid time off for employees.

Somewhat; there are federal laws that require unpaid time off, but not paid time off.

Yes; under ERISA an employee is eligible for PTO even if the employer goes bankrupt.