Information collected directly from the source.

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Information gathered from reading what others have experienced or observed and written about.

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The spontaneous contribution of ideas by team members

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A graphic method to generate and organize ideas with a single concept drawn as an image in the center and associating words and images branching out like a tree showing relationships.

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Another name for the direct method, which places the main idea first.

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A broken$-$off part of a complex sentence.

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When a writer joins two independent clauses without any punctuation separating them. Ex:

The wind blew furiously through the trees the tree beside the house swayed ominously.

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When a writer joins two independent clauses with a comma.

Ex: Participants can leave the study at any time, they needed to indicate their preference.

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A writing technique that produces balanced writing $(\text{'}$making everything match'$)$

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When the word or phrase it describes is missing from its sentence.

Ex: $$Not having studied the lab manual carefully, the experiment was a failure.$$

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When the word or phrase it describes is not close enough to be clear.

Ex: Dressed in a diaper and drooling, Grandpa read a book to his granddaughter.

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When an idea at the end connects with an idea at the beginning of the next item.

A$.$

mind mapping

B$.$

primary data

C$.$

fused sentence

D$.$

comma splice

E$.$

frontloading

F$.$

misplaced modifier

G$.$

dovetail

H$.$

fragment

I.

parallelism

J$.$

dangling modifier

K$.$

secondary data

L$.$

brainstorming