Jim started a new business on May 1st of the current tax year. He organized the company as a C corporation. Before opening for business, his start-up costs were $12,200, and his organizational costs were $6,080. What is the maximum amount that Jim can deduct for these expenses on the first year's corporate tax return? (Round to the nearest dollar.)

a) $ 5,590 b) $ 5,443 c) $10,368 d) $ 812