JIT can reduce delays and costs, creating cost savings in the food supply chain. In a JIT system, processes are streamlined, storage costs are reduced, and businesses have a more comprehensive understanding of their supply chain. But the JIT system can cause food supply chain inflexibility. This is because the JIT system is designed in a way that makes it hard for the food supply chain to respond to sudden fluctuations in demand (akr et al., 2021). How then does JIT cope with COVID-19 and its impact on food supply chain and transportation times