Joanna, a machine learning engineer is studying what programming languages are the most effective to help systems learn from data. Based on previous research, more than $50\%$ of machine learning involves the use of Python, a programming language. She suspects this percent has increased in recent years.

In the process of hypothesis testing, what set value will allow Joanna to make a conclusion about whether her sample proportion is "different enough" than the claimed population proportion?

Select the correct answer below:

Null hypothesis

P$-$value

Test statistic