1. Jocelyn is interested in developing study strategies to help their students learn the course material. they decide to investigate the effects of two study strategies: imagery and rote memorization. Jocelyn recruits 20 pilot subjects from an introductory biology course and randomly assigns ten participants to each of the two conditions: imagery or rote memorization. Handedness is believed to reflect hemisphere activation, so Jocelyn recruits ten right and ten left-hand dominant participants. participants are given the same psychobiology chapter to read and are led through a demonstration of learning the material using one of the four strategies. participants are then given a biology quiz to test their memory of the material. their data is presented below: Complete questions 1-4 as best as you can.

a. state the null and alternative hypotheses for this study in words and using statistical symbols

Case Processing Summary
	Strategy	Cases
	Valid	Missing	Total
	N	Percent	N	Percent	N	Percent
Accuracy	imagery	11	100.0%	0	0.0%	11	100.0%
rote	9	100.0%	0	0.0%	9	100.0%

Descriptives
	Strategy	Statistic	Std. Error
Accuracy	imagery	Mean	.4364	.05604
95% Confidence Interval for Mean	Lower Bound	.3115
Upper Bound	.5612
5% Trimmed Mean	.4293
Median	.4000
Variance	.035
Std. Deviation	.18586
Minimum	.20
Maximum	.80
Range	.60
Interquartile Range	.30
Skewness	.491	.661
Kurtosis	-.189	1.279
rote	Mean	.7444	.02940
95% Confidence Interval for Mean	Lower Bound	.6767
Upper Bound	.8122
5% Trimmed Mean	.7438
Median	.7000
Variance	.008
Std. Deviation	.08819
Minimum	.60
Maximum	.90
Range	.30
Interquartile Range	.10
Skewness	.214	.717
Kurtosis	.144	1.400

Case Processing Summary
	Handedness	Cases
	Valid	Missing	Total
	N	Percent	N	Percent	N	Percent
Accuracy	Left	11	100.0%	0	0.0%	11	100.0%
Right	9	100.0%	0	0.0%	9	100.0%

Descriptives
	Handedness	Statistic	Std. Error
Accuracy	Left	Mean	.4273	.05062
95% Confidence Interval for Mean	Lower Bound	.3145
Upper Bound	.5401
5% Trimmed Mean	.4247
Median	.4000
Variance	.028
Std. Deviation	.16787
Minimum	.20
Maximum	.70
Range	.50
Interquartile Range	.30
Skewness	.096	.661
Kurtosis	-1.113	1.279
Right	Mean	.7556	.02940
95% Confidence Interval for Mean	Lower Bound	.6878
Upper Bound	.8233
5% Trimmed Mean	.7562
Median	.8000
Variance	.008
Std. Deviation	.08819
Minimum	.60
Maximum	.90
Range	.30
Interquartile Range	.10
Skewness	-.214	.717
Kurtosis	.144	1.400

Univariate Analysis of Variance

Between-Subjects Factors
	Value Label	N
Strategy	1.1	imagery	11
2.2	rote	9
Handedness	3.3	Left	11
4.4	Right	9

Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable: Accuracy
Strategy	Handedness	Mean	Std. Deviation	N
imagery	Left	.4000	.14907	10
Right	.8000	.	1
Total	.4364	.18586	11
rote	Left	.7000	.	1
Right	.7500	.09258	8
Total	.7444	.08819	9
Total	Left	.4273	.16787	11
Right	.7556	.08819	9
Total	.5750	.21491	20

Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances^a,b

Levene Statistic

df1

df2

Sig.

Accuracy

Based on Mean

2.028

1

16

.174

Based on Median

2.028

1

16

.174

Based on Median and with adjusted df

2.028

1

13.245

.178

Based on trimmed mean

2.028

1

16

.174

Tests the null hypothesis that the error variance of the dependent variable is equal across groups.

a. Dependent variable: Accuracy

b. Design: Intercept + Strategy + Handedness + Strategy * Handedness

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable: Accuracy
Source	Type III Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.	Noncent. Parameter	Observed Powerb
Corrected Model	.617a	3	.206	12.667	<.001>	38.000	.998
Intercept	3.156	1	3.156	194.226	<.001>	194.226	1.000
Strategy	.028	1	.028	1.729	.207	1.729	.235
Handedness	.091	1	.091	5.601	.031	5.601	.604
Strategy * Handedness	.055	1	.055	3.388	.084	3.388	.409
Error	.260	16	.016
Total	7.490	20
Corrected Total	.878	19
a. R Squared = .704 (Adjusted R Squared = .648)
b. Computed using alpha = .05

Estimated Marginal Means of Accuracy Handedness .80 Left Right .70 .60 Estimated Marginal Means 50 40 imagery rote Strategy