Lab $-$ Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity

Topology

Addressing Table

Device Interface IP Address $/$ Prefix Default Gateway

R$1$ G$0/0/064\mathrm{.}100\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}2/30$ N$/$A

$2001$:db$8$:acad::$2/64$

fe$80$::$2$

R$1$ G$0/0/1192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1/24$ N$/$A

$2001$:db$8$:acad:$1$::$1/64$

fe$80$::$1$

ISP G$0/0/064\mathrm{.}100\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}1/30$ N$/$A

$2001$:db$8$:acad::$1/64$

fe$80$::$1$

ISP G$0/0/1209\mathrm{.}165\mathrm{.}200\mathrm{.}225/27$ N$/$A

$2001$:db$8$:acad:$200$::$225/64$

fe$80$::$225$

S$1$ VLAN $1192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}2/24192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1$

$2001$:db$8$:acad:$1$::$2/64$ fe$80$::$1$

fe$80$::$2$

PC$-$A NIC $2001$:db$8$:acad:$1$::$10/64$ fe$80$::$1$

$192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}10/24192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1$

External NIC $209\mathrm{.}165\mathrm{.}200\mathrm{.}226/27209\mathrm{.}165\mathrm{.}200\mathrm{.}225$

$2001$:db$8$:acad:$200$::$226/64$ fe$80$::$225$

Objectives

Part $1$: Build and Configure the Network

Part $2$: Use Ping Command for Basic Network Testing

Part $3$: Use Tracert and Traceroute Commands for Basic Network Testing Part $4$: Troubleshoot the Topology

Background $/$ Scenario

Ping and traceroute are two tools that are indispensable when testing TCP$/$IP network connectivity. Ping is a network administration utility used to test the reachability of a device on an IP network. This utility also measures the round$-$trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer. The ping utility is available on Windows, Unix$-$like operating systems $($OS$),$ and the Cisco Internetwork Operating System $($IOS$).$

The traceroute utility is a network diagnostic tool for displaying the path or route and measuring the transit delays of packets travelling an IP network. The tracert utility is available on Windows, and a similar utility, traceroute, is available on Unix$-$like OS and Cisco IOS.

In this lab, the ping and traceroute commands are examined and command options are explored to modify the command behavior. Cisco devices and PCs are used in this lab for command exploration. The necessary Cisco device configurations are provided in this lab.

Note: The routers used with CCNA hands$-$on labs are Cisco $4221$ with Cisco IOS XE Release $16\mathrm{.}9\mathrm{.}4($universalk$9$ image$).$ The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst $2960$s with Cisco IOS Release $15\mathrm{.}2(2)($lanbasek$9$ image$).$ Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers.

Note: Make sure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor.

The default bias template used by the Switch Database Manager $($SDM$)$ does not provide IPv$6$ address capabilities. Verify that SDM is using either the dual$-$ipv$4-$and$-$ipv$6$ template or the lanbase$-$routing template. The new template will be used after reboot even if the configuration is not saved.

S$1$# show sdm prefer

Use the following commands to assign the dual$-$ipv$4-$and$-$ipv$6$ template as the default SDM template.

S$1$# configure terminal

S$1($config$)$# sdm prefer dual$-$ipv$4-$and$-$ipv$6$ default

S$1($config$)$# end

S$1$# reload

Required Resources

$2$ Routers $($Cisco $4221$ with Cisco IOS XE Release $16\mathrm{.}9\mathrm{.}4$ universal image or comparable$)$

$1$ Switch $($Cisco $2960$ with Cisco IOS Release $15\mathrm{.}2(2)$ lanbasek$9$ image or comparable$)$

$2$ PCs $($Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term$)$

$$ Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports

$$ Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology

Instructions

Part $1$: Build and Configure the Network

In Part $1,$ you will set up the network in the topology and configure the PCs and Cisco devices. The initial configurations for the routers and switches are provided for your reference. In this topology, static routing is used to route packets between networks.

Step $1$: Cable the network as shown in the topology.

Step $2$: Erase the configurations on the routers and switches, and reload the devices.

Step $3$: Configure PC IP addresses and default gateways according to the Addressing Table.

Step $4$: Configure the R$1$ and ISP routers and S$1$ switch using the initial configurations provided below.

At the switch or router global configuration mode prompt, copy and paste the configuration for each device. Save the configuration to startup$-$config.

Initial configurations for the R$1$ router:

hostname R$1$

no ip domain lookup ipv$6$ unicast$-$routing interface g$0/0/0$

ip address $64\mathrm{.}100\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}2255\mathrm{.}255\mathrm{.}255\mathrm{.}252$

ipv$6$ address $2001$:db$8$:acad::$2/64$ ipv$6$ address fe$80$::$2$ link$-$local ip nat outside

no shutdown interface g$0/0/1$

ip add $192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1255\mathrm{.}255\mathrm{.}255\mathrm{.}0$

ipv$6$ address $2001$:db$8$:acad:$1$::$1/64$ ipv$6$ address fe$80$::$1$ link$-$local ip nat inside

no shutdown

ip route $0\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}00\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}064\mathrm{.}100\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}1$

ipv$6$ route $0$::$/02001$:db$8$:acad::$1$

access$-$list $1$ permit $192\mathrm{.}168\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}00\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}0\mathrm{.}255$

ip nat inside source list $1$ interface g$0/0/0$ overload

Initial configurations for ISP:

hostname ISP

no ip domain lookup ipv$6$ unicast$-$routing interface g$0/0/0$

ip address $64\mathrm{.}10$