LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINNING

please answer the ff questions

SECTION A (20 Marks) 2. 3. 4. Instruction: Identify the fallacy committed in each of the following arguments. 1. Either we commit ourselves to massive increases in defense spending or we will fall behind the Soviets in the ever-accelerating arms race. We certainly cannot afford to fall behind the Soviets. Therefore, we must commit ourselves to massive increases in defense spending. (2 marks) No one has proved conclusively that nuclear power plants constitute a danger for people living in their proximate vicinity. Therefore, it is perfectly safe to continue to build nuclear power plants near large metropolitan centres. (2 marks) Mr. Scott's arguments in favour of increasing teacher salaries are totally worthless. Scott, as you know, has a criminal record, and only a week ago he was released from the state prison after having served a two-year term for car theft. (2 marks) This twenty-story apartment building is constructed of concrete blocks. Each and every concrete block in the structure can withstand an earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale. Therefore, the building can withstand an earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale. (2 marks) The Nobel prize-winning biologist Herbert Ralls has stated that chlorinated hydrocarbons in our water supply constitute a major threat to public health. We conclude that the presence of these chemicals is indeed a threat. (2 marks) 6. The Daily Telegraph carried an article this moming about three local teenagers who were arrested on charges of drug possession. Teenagers these days are nothing but a bunch of drug addicts. (2 marks) Everything that runs hus feet. The Columbia River runs very swiftly. Therefore, the Columbia River has feet. (2 marks) The position open in the accounting department should be given to Kwaku Ananse. Kwaku has six hungry children to feed, and his wife desperately needs and operation to save her eyesight. (2 marks) 5. 7. 8