Main Post: Strain Theory and Differential Association Theory - Understanding Juvenile Delinquency

Strain Theory

Background: Strain Theory was created by Robert Merton in the 1930s and was based on earlier ideas from mile Durkheim. Merton believed that people feel pressure when they can't reach goals that society sees as important, like success or financial stability, especially if they don't have fair opportunities to achieve them.

How It Relates to Youth: Young people often face struggles like poverty, family problems, or limited access to quality education. When they can't reach their goals the "right" way, some might turn to breaking the lawsuch as stealing or selling drugsto get ahead.

Age-Related Behaviors: Teenagers normally push limits and want more freedom. But when life feels unfair or hopeless, some might view crime as a realistic option to improve their situation.

Culture and Social Class: In lower-income areas, breaking the law might seem more acceptable, especially when it feels like the only way to survive or succeed. Some young people may grow up thinking this kind of behavior is normal.

Differential Association Theory

Background: Edwin Sutherland came up with this theory in the 1930s. He believed that people learn how to commit crimes from othersespecially if they're around people who already commit crimes or approve of it.

How It Relates to Youth: Teens are easily influenced by those around them. If their friends, family, or community members commit crimes, they are more likely to follow their example and develop similar attitudes.

Age-Related Behaviors: It's common for teens to want to fit in with their peers. If their friends are doing things like skipping school or shoplifting, they might feel pressure to join in, thinking it's part of growing up.

Culture and Social Class: In certain neighborhoods or peer groups, criminal behavior might be accepted or even praised. For example, joining a gang could be seen as a way to gain respect or feel protected, especially in tough environments.

Part 2: My Thoughts on the Connection

I believe these two theories go hand-in-hand when explaining why some teens commit crimes. Strain Theory shows the reasons behind the behaviorlike not having the same chances in life. Differential Association explains how these behaviors are learnedthrough the people teens spend time with. Together, they help us see that it's not just about personal choices, but also about the challenges and influences young people face every day.

Ties to Course Topics: These theories match what we've been learning in classthat both social environment and inequality can play a big role in whether or not a young person ends up involved in delinquent behavior (Siegel & Welsh, 2021).

Reference: Siegel, L. J., & Welsh, B. C. (2021). Juvenile Delinquency: The Core (7th ed.). Cengage Learning.

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