"Most of us hate bargaining for a new car' While unforeseen circumstances can completely change all our lives, it was the global financial crisis that sent James Hind down an entirely different path. In 2008, he was a 21-year-old intern working at a UK investment fund when the world of finance was hit by turmoil. "I watched the industry collapse, it was just chaos," he says. "I suddenly realized that people in the financial world didn't have any control, they were just riding a wave. Watching that I realized it wasn't for me." So having previously planned to have a long career in finance, James walked away. Not immediately knowing what else to do with his life, he remembered that he had once been given the job advice that you should do what you love. As a big fan of cars, he decided to launch a website that collects car reviews, and then try to sell advertising on the pages. It was not bad for a company that the Nottingham University graduate started in the loft of his parents' home on the Wirral Peninsula in the north west of England, but it was one that initially found it impossible to secure any funding. After first going travelling for a year, James launched the initial version of Carwow in 2010, when it was called Carbuzz. With his girlfriend Alexandra Margolis on board as co-founder, she designed the website while he set about adding all the content. CarWoW Over the next few years advertising revenues trickled in, before James realized that the operation could both be more useful to customers, and far more profitable, if it changed its business model. "I realized that many people hated buying a car, they went into it expecting to have a bad 0 Over the next few years advertising revenues trickled in, before James realized that the operation could both be more useful to customers, and far more profitable, if it changed its business model. "I realized that many people hated buying a car, they went into it expecting to have a bad time," says James, now 31."And a big reason for this was because most of us hate bargaining, and buying a new car has always been a very rare example of a time when you were expected to have to do this. "My idea was to completely remove the need for people to bargain." So, he reinvented the website into one where users could search for the best price for a new car. Mirroring the price comparison websites that have particularly changed the insurance industry, his idea was that people could enter the exact details of the make and model of car they wanted, not just the color and engine-size, but the precise combination of optional extras. A list of prices offered by dealers across the UK would then be displayed on the screen. Bringing a technology savvy friend called David Santoro on board to build the new website, the new version of the company was launched in 2012. But while a number of car dealers across the UK were happy to give it a go, likely investors most certainly were not. "In the early days we massively struggled to secure funding," says James. "We contacted virtually every venture capital fund in London, and all either said no, or just ignored us. And I can understand why. We were young entrepreneurs with no track record, and we had very little proof at the time that the business was going to work." It took a year and a half of "cold emailing" potential investors before the company got its first investment. The name change from Carbuzz to Carwow happened in 2014 because, ambitious for global growth in the future, James discovered that the Carbuzz brand had already been taken in other countries. Carwow has grown steadily since then, thanks to word of mouth and a popular YouTube channel where employees review cars. James says that the videos get 17 million views every month. Last year the company made 55,000 sales via its website, accounting for 5% of private new car sales in the UK. It also now operates in Germany and France. More than 2,000 dealers across the UK pay an unknown fee to be listed on the site. James says that they all pay the same amount, whether they are selling luxury cars or budget vehicles. He says this level approach is vital because it means that Carwow is "completely unaware of what car people buy". says this level approach is vital because it means that Carwow is "completely unaware of what car people buy". Today the business is London-based price comparison website Carwow, and in 2017 it had an annual turnover of 15m. on the YouTube channel where cars are reviewed. Meanwhile, total investment in the business has now reached 45m. This means that James, who is chief executive, no longer has a majority stake, something he says he is fine with. "You can either take no investment and never grow, or secure it and really gain traction." Alexandra, 31, who is now James' fiance and holds the creative director job title, also has shares in the business, as does David Santoro, 34, who is the chief technical officer. "So turning the tables and having dealers competing for your business has to be welcomed." While James admits that he may one day decide to sell up, he says that is a very long way off. I "We feel that we have barely got started at Carwow, we have barely touched the surface. There is huge opportunity to grow the business." After reading the case study, please, answer the following questions: 1. How the entrepreneur in the reading was creative? 2. How was the entrepreneur in the reading innovative? 3. The ability to take risk and live with uncertainty are two important personal traits that help entrepreneurs succeed. Give examples from the passage of how the entrepreneur was a risk taker and able to live with uncertainty

'Most of us hate bargaining for a new car' While unforeseen circumstances can completely change all our lives, it was the global financial crisis that sent James Hind down an entirely different path. In 2008, he was a 21-year-old intern working at a UK investment fund when the world of finance was hit by turmoil. "I watched the industry collapse, it was just chaos," he says. "I suddenly realized that people in the financial world didn't have any control, they were just riding a wave. Watching that I realized it wasn't for me." So having previously planned to have a long career in finance, James walked away. Not immediately knowing what else to do with his life, he remembered that he had once been given the job advice that you should "do what you love". As a big fan of cars, he decided to launch a website that collects car reviews, and then try to sell advertising on the pages. It was not bad for a company that the Nottingham University graduate started in the loft of his parents' home on the Wirral Peninsula in the north west of England, but it was one that initially found it impossible to secure any funding. After first going travelling for a year, James launched the initial version of Carwow in 2010, when it was called Carbuzz. With his girlfriend Alexandra Margolis on board as co-founder, she designed the website while he set about adding all the content. carwow Over the next few years advertising revenues trickled in, before James realized that the operation could both be more useful to customers, and far more profitable, if it changed its business model. "I realized that many people hated buying a car, they went into it expecting to have a bad