Multiple users can share a system but cannot access each other's information.

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A programming object contains all necessary methods it needs to operate. One programming object does not need to know how a different object operates internally.

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Components operate relatively independently. One component can be replaced or changed without changing other components.

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Systems following this principle are easier to support and troubleshoot.

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Users can share a badge reader and keypad for entering a building, but each user has their own ID badge and PIN.

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One must always assume that the adversary has access to the same equipment and programs that you have. Your security should not rely on hiding the system you use.

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A spreadsheet protected with a password, that is in an encrypted folder on a PC that requires biometric authentication and an ID and password, is demonstrating this principle.

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Users should have access to the systems or information required to do their job and nothing more.

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You have a safe with an electronic lock. If the power fails, the safe does NOT pop open.

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Make the attacker's job more difficult, but do not create an excess burden on the users in the name of security.

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If you properly authenticate to one server in the domain, then all of the servers accept you.

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The system regularly validates your credentials to make sure that you are still allowed access.

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Over the weekend, you change all of the key locks in the building to fingerprint scanners. Which principle did you violate?

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Requiring a $64$ character password would be the opposite of this principle.