Mutations are important to evolution. Understanding their causes is just as important as understanding how they are repaired.

a. Spontaneous formation of nucleotide tautomers can produce single base pair mutations. Normally in the keto form, T can transiently tautomerize into the enol form. Diagram the TWO different mutations that can result from this isomer change. Indicate whether these are transitions or transversions.

b. Name one mechanism by which the mutation shown in 1(a) is repaired. Circle the mutation. How does this mechanism work?