Name: Class: Date: Chapter Study Guide continued 3. Exactly two kilograms of boiling water (100.0 C) are poured into a long, insulated aluminum pipe. The mass of the pipe is 5.000 kg, and its temperature is 20.0 C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.19 x 10' J/kgo C, and the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 8.99 x 10" J/kg. C. a. Given that the final temperature of the water is xC and the final temperature of the pipe is y C, explain why y = &. b. Write expressions for the temperature change in water and in the pipe itself. c. Write an expression for the amount of energy removed from the water. d. Write an expression for the amount of energy added to the aluminum. e. Explain under what conditions these two amounts of energy may be considered equal. f. Assuming that these conditions are realized, find the final temperature of the water and pipe. Original content Copyright @ by Holt, Rinchart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Physics 54 Study GuideName: Class: Date: Heat Math Skills Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium 1. The temperature at one of the Viking sites on Mars was found to vary daily from -90.0 F to -5.0"C. Convert these temperatures to Kelvin. 2. Mercury boils at 357 C and freezes at -38.9C. a. Convert these temperatures to Kelvin. b. Can a mercury thermometer be used to measure temperatures between 500 C and 600 C? between 100 C and 200C? 3. You walk out of a sauna at 45C into a tub in which the water temperature is 309 K. a. Is your skin initially in thermal equilibrium with the water? b. Is your bath going to feel cold or warm? 4. Nitrogen becomes a liquid at -195.8 C under atmospheric pressure. Oxygen becomes a liquid at -183.0 C a. Convert these temperatures to Kelvin. b. A sealed tank containing a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen is cooled to 82.8 K and maintained under atmospheric pressure. Are the contents now a liquid or a gas? Explain. Original content Copyright O by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Physics Study GuideName: Class: Date: Heat Chapter Study Guide 1. A small bag containing 0.200 kg of lead shot at a temperature of 15.0 C falls from a 40.0 m high tower. Instead of bouncing back, the bag makes a small hole in the ground. The specific heat of lead is 1.28 x 10' J/kg."C. a. Find the initial potential energy of the lead. b. How much energy did the lead lose as heat? c. The temperature of the lead after impact was 17.0C. What was the increase in internal energy of the lead? How does it compare to the amount of lost potential energy? d. How much internal energy was added to the ground? 2. A very shallow pond contains 1.50 x 105 kg of water at 23 C. At the end of a windy day, 1.00 x10' kg of water was lost by evaporation. It takes 2.26 x 10' J for 1 kg of water to evaporate. a. How much energy was removed from the pond by heat of evaporation? b. How much water was left in the pond? c. By how much did the temperature of the water drop in the pond? (Hint: the specific heat capacity for water is 4.19 x 10' J/(kgo C).) d. Assuming there were no other changes in energy, what was the temperature of the water at the end of the day? Original content Copyright O by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Physics 53 Study GuideName: Class: Date: Heat Graph Skills Changes in Temperature and Phase A 20.0 kg ice block is removed from a freezer whose temperature is -25.0 C and placed in an ice box with freshly caught fish. After a few hours, all the ice was melted. The final temperature of the water and the fish was 5.C. The melting point of ice is 0.00 C. The heat capacities and latent heats are given as cp (ice) = 2.09 x 10' J/kg. C; Ly (ice) = 3.33 x 10' J/kg; Cp (water) = 4.19 x 10' J/kgo C. Use this information to answer the questions below. 1. How much energy did the solid ice absorb to reach its melting point and remain solid? 2. How much energy was absorbed to turn the ice into water? 3. How much energy was absorbed to bring the temperature of that water to 5C? 4. Draw a graph showing all of the process. (Let each box on the grid represent 0.4 x 10' J or 0.5 x 10 J.) Original content Copyright @ by Holt, Rinchart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Physics Study GuideName: Class: Date: Heat Concept Review Defining Heat 1. A 1.000 x 10' kg car is moving at 90.0 km/h (25.0 m/s) as it exits a freeway. The driver brakes to meet the speed limit of 36.0 km/h (10.0 m/s). a. What was the car's kinetic energy on the freeway? b. What is its kinetic energy after slowing down? c. Did the internal energy of the car, road, and air increase or decrease in this process? By how much? d. Was work done by the car brakes and other friction forces in the process? How much? 2. A 2.00 x 10" kg sled is sliding downhill at a constant speed of 5.00 m/s until it passes a tree 20.0 m down. a. What was the potential energy associated with the sled and the sled's kinetic energy and total mechanical energy at the top of the hill? b. What were these energies at the bottom of the hill? c. What was the change in the sled's total energy? d. What was the change in the internal energy of the sled and its environment? How might that change be observed in the snow? Original content Copyright O by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor Holt Physics 2 Study Guide