Need assistance doing a Case Study research on Morgan's writing, Organizations as Instruments of Domination

ORGANISATIONS AS INSTRUMENTS OF DOMINATION Bakan argues that since corporations are individuals in the eyes of the law, their behavior can be measured against that of humans, in which case corporations are socially disruptive and in terms of the criteria of the DSM antisocial. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders version IV, antisocial behavior is characterized by at least 3 of the following: failure to conform to social norms, deceitfulness, failure to plan for the future, aggressiveness, a reckless disregard of the safety of self and others, consistent irresponsibility to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations, and lack of remorse. Bakans study shows evidence of all of these behaviors in corporations. Corporate practices place profit before human welfare and in Third World countries people are dispossessed and working in sweatshops and factories for subsistence wages. Organizations therefore often are instruments of domination to further the self interest of elites at the expense of others. Within organizations there is also often an element of domination. Throughout history, organizations have been associated with social domination. In most organizations asymmetrical power relations lead to the majority working in the interests of a few. People can be dominated by charisma, by custom, and by rules and laws. The ability to use any of these depends on the ability to find support and legitimation amongst those being ruled and authority is vested in how the ruled are administered. Under the charismatic model, administration is unstructured, unstable, and works through nepotism, customary administration is through officials in the employ of someone with inherited status, and legal administration is bureaucratic. Bureaucracies are therefore instruments of domination. Even democratic leaders become part of an elite interested in furthering their own interests, and will tend to hang on to power at all costs. People are increasingly being dominated by the process of strict administration and rules through impersonal principles and the quest for efficiency. The logic of modern society is therefore domination by reason. The Industrial Revolution changed labor from a craft into a commodity that can be bought and sold. It eliminated prior systems of production and made people dependent on the wage system. Ancient systems relied on slaves for labor and even Platos idealized republic could not function without them, whereas modern capitalism depends on wage labor. Profit depends on efficient labor, which likely resulted in the discovery of modern management. Wage labor is followed by strict and precise organization, close supervision, and standardized jobs and it follows that skilled and semiskilled work is replaced by cheaper unskilled workers and mechanisation. Consequently, managed gains increasing control over workers, labor costs are reduced and planning and control becomes centralized. Organizations become politicized because jobs became stratified between skilled career type and unskilled lower paid type jobs. The former requires an investment in education and training which becomes a fixed cost whereas the latter is of low status and subject to periodic unemployment and come to see themselves as exploited.

Must answer the following questions:

1. Identify the business problems of each of the cases; describe the metaphor(s) used.
2. Rank-order the critical issues stated in the cases
3. Evaluate the proposed solutions. Are the solutions valid? Why or why not? How/why did the use of metaphor(s) assist in the solution?
4. Submit recommendations you propose beyond what is already stated in the cases.
5. State how the solutions will be communicated in each case. Do you agree? Why or why not?
6. At the end of the paper, write a paragraph expressing the takeaways/benefits of using metaphors in management practice