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QUESTION:

Explain how information technology has been used to promote the four kinds of organizational change. Why is organizational change necessary?

ANSWER:

Information technology is a key part of causing organizational change, which is needed to stay competitive, become more efficient, and adjust to changes in the market. Businesses are always changing because of new rules, better technology, and shifting customer tastes. This means that organizations must be ready to adapt. Companies that do not change risk becoming out of date. Not only do information systems support change, they are also key to making it happen. This is done through four main technology changes: automation, streamlining procedures, redesigning business processes, and big changes in how the organization works $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

The most popular way for businesses to use IT to make changes is through automation. Companies help their workers be more efficient and effective by automating jobs that they do over and over again. This leads to better quality and productivity. Automation gets rid of the need for people to do things by hand, which frees up workers to do more important tasks and makes processes better overall $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

The process of simplifying procedures means making processes better, so they work better. Once a business starts automating jobs, it often realizes that some of its processes need to be made easier. Total Quality Management $($TQM$)$ and Six Sigma are useful for finding ways to make processes more efficient. They help companies get rid of steps that are not needed and cut down on waste $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

Some business methods may become out$-$of$-$date or too much work as time goes on$.$ These useless processes can be found with the help of new information systems, which forces companies to look at them, make them simpler, and rethink them. Trying to fit new systems into old, inefficient ways of doing things is a common mistake that can cause quality and productivity to go down $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

When there is a paradigm shift, there is a deeper kind of change. This means that the company has to rethink how it works and what its business plan is$.$ With this kind of change, you might need to buy new information systems or make big changes to ones you already have. To make this change go smoothly, you need to carefully plan, build new systems, and teach users. It is also important to include users in the planning or choice of new systems, since users' opposition is a frequent reason why systems fail. Getting people involved in the process can help them understand and accept the new systems better, which will make them more committed to using them $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

Getting informed people involved can also help find problems early on and be a part of creating, choosing, testing, and putting in place new information systems. Their ideas can help the group deal with problems and find better ways to do things, which will lead to positive changes $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$

To sum up$,$ companies need to change their organizational structure if they want to stay competitive in a business world that is always changing. This change is being driven by information systems, which encourage automation, streamline procedures, rethink processes, and cause big changes in the company. Companies can boost their general performance, flexibility, and efficiency by putting these systems in place carefully and involving users in the process $($Laudon & Laudon, $2021).$