Node A sends $1$kB packets to B and waits for an acknowledgment $($ACK$)$ be$-$

fore sending the next packet. The link operates at a rate of $2$M b$/$s$,$ and the

propagation delay is $2$ms$.$

$($a$)$ Determine the link throughput.

$($b$)$ If A sends an average of $50$ packets per second and the average queue

waiting time is $100$ms$,$ calculate the average queue length.

$($c$)$ With a queue length of $5,$ find the probability of dropping a packet.

$($d$)$ If the link uses a Go$-$Back$-$N protocol, determine the maximum value of

the packet arrival rate and the required N value to achieve the same

probability of dropping a packet