Nokia Comprehension Questions PART 1: Read Text =1 and complete the table below to learn about Nokia's background and history. What Happened Year a) Fredrik Idestam started wood pulp mill - Finland b) Nokia almost bankrupt - Finnish Rubber Works bought it 1967 1984 First GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) network delivered (Finland) f 1992 1998 h) 1999 Nokia - one of the most valuable brands in the world Nokia launched its first touch-screen smartphone 1) b) 2012 Text 1: A Brief History of Nokia Nokia's history started in 1865 when Fredrik Idestam a mining engineer, established a wood pulp mill in the town of Tampere, Finland. In the beginning of the 1900's, Nokia was almost bankrupt. and Finnish Rubber Works bought the company. Finnish Rubber Works was also owned by Finnish Cable Works, which produced telephone, telegraph and electrical cables at the time. These three companies - Nokia, Finnish Rubber Works, and Finnish Cable Works -- were joined together as Nokia Corporation in 1967. This new company was involved in many industries and produced products such as paper, car tires, communications cables, electronics, and personal computers. In the 1970s, Nokia became more involved in the telecommunications industry by developing a digital switch for telephone exchanges. In 1984, it launched one of the world's first portable phones. Three years later, Nokia introduced its first mobile phone, the Mebita Cityman 900 which is shown in Figure 1. It weighed only 800g with the battery, and even Sirxan 900, Figure 1: Nokia's Mabica though it was expensive at 6,308 USD, it was in high demand. Nokia was a key developer of GSM (2G), the second-generation mobile technology that could carry data as well as voice traffic. This technology made mobile phones possible. It delivered its first GSM network in Finland in 1989. In 1992, the first GSM phone, the Nokia 1011, was launched. GSM a high- quality voice calls, international roaming, and support for new services like text messaging started a worldwide boom in mobile phone use. In 1998, Nokia became the world's largest phone manufacturer. By 1999, it supplied approximately 25% of all phones in the market. Nokia had made text messaging, big displays, and mobile email popular. By the end of 2007, Nokia was one of the most valuable brands in the world and was the number one company leading the mobile phone market. In 2008, Nokia launched its first touch-screen smartphone. Surprisingly, by 2012 Nokia had fallen into place out of 5 main mobile phone companies. This was mainly due to competition with Apple. In dynamic markets like technology, where change occurs rapidly and sometimes overight, leading companies should take notice of Nokia's 40-year gain but just 3-year fall to failure. It was a very short period of time during which Nokia lost aventhina