Object$-$oriented programming $($OOP$)$ is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which can contain data and code. The data is in the form of fields $($often known as attributes or properties$),$ and the code is in the form of procedures $($often known as methods$).$

allows us to create a new class from an existing class.

means $$many forms$$ or we can say that the word polymorphism means the ability to take more than one form.

is the process of hiding certain details and showing only essential information to the user.

refers to an object$$s ability to hide data and behaviour that are not necessary to its user.