Observations from space (including those from the ERBE program) show that, on average, about 60%|of the earth's surface is hidden from space by clouds. a. Assuming that all of earths average albedo of 0.3 is caused by clouds, what is the reflectivity of the clouds themselves? If you have to make any assumptions please state then explicitly. b. In the second lecture we showed that a one-layer atmosphere could produce the observed surface temperature if the atmosphere's emissivity e = .78. If clouds are entirely opaque in the infrared ( = 1), what is the emissivity of the clear atmosphere? We learned previously that the average or bulk emissivity was a spectral average - the result of water vapor being entirely opaque for most wavelengths but close to transparent in the water vapor window from roughly 8-12 um. Comment on your answer to part b in light of the emission curve for earth's average surface temperature (288 K). c. Observations from space (including those from the ERBE program) show that, on average, about 60%|of the earth's surface is hidden from space by clouds. a. Assuming that all of earths average albedo of 0.3 is caused by clouds, what is the reflectivity of the clouds themselves? If you have to make any assumptions please state then explicitly. b. In the second lecture we showed that a one-layer atmosphere could produce the observed surface temperature if the atmosphere's emissivity e = .78. If clouds are entirely opaque in the infrared ( = 1), what is the emissivity of the clear atmosphere? We learned previously that the average or bulk emissivity was a spectral average - the result of water vapor being entirely opaque for most wavelengths but close to transparent in the water vapor window from roughly 8-12 um. Comment on your answer to part b in light of the emission curve for earth's average surface temperature (288 K). c