Offerman et al. conducted an experiment on pigs to investigate the effect of an antivenom after...

    

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Offerman et al. conducted an experiment on pigs to investigate the effect of an antivenom after an injection of rattlesnake venom. In one aspect of the study, the researchers investigated the change in volume of the right hind leg before and after being subjected to a dose of venom and treatment with an antivenom. The volume of the right hind leg was measured in 9 pigs before being injected with the venom, then the pigs were injected with a dose of venom and treated intravenously with an antivenom, and after 8 hours the volume of the leg was measured again. The results are illustrated in the following table. (The volume was measured using a water displacement method; the units are mL.) Assume the normality assumption is satisfied. Table: Volume (mL) of the right hind leg before and 8 hours after injection with a dose of rattlesnake venom and an antivenom. Before After Difference 685 935 545 700 480 770 475 640 680 800 685 955 590 780 600 790 630 830 (a) Suppose we are interested in estimating the true mean amount of swelling for pigs of this type under the conditions of this experiment. Would we use a paired-difference procedure or an independent sample procedure? Justify your response. (b) What is the sample mean difference? What is the standard deviation of the differences? (c) What is the standard error of the sample mean difference? (d) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true mean amount of swelling under the conditions of this experiment. Give an interpretation of the confidence interval in the context of the problem at hand. (e) Carry out a test of the null hypothesis that there is no swelling on average (after 8 hours), against the appropriate one-sided alternative hypothesis. Give the hypotheses in words and symbols, value of the test statistic, p-value, and conclusion. Offerman et al. conducted an experiment on pigs to investigate the effect of an antivenom after an injection of rattlesnake venom. In one aspect of the study, the researchers investigated the change in volume of the right hind leg before and after being subjected to a dose of venom and treatment with an antivenom. The volume of the right hind leg was measured in 9 pigs before being injected with the venom, then the pigs were injected with a dose of venom and treated intravenously with an antivenom, and after 8 hours the volume of the leg was measured again. The results are illustrated in the following table. (The volume was measured using a water displacement method; the units are mL.) Assume the normality assumption is satisfied. Table: Volume (mL) of the right hind leg before and 8 hours after injection with a dose of rattlesnake venom and an antivenom. Before After Difference 685 935 545 700 480 770 475 640 680 800 685 955 590 780 600 790 630 830 (a) Suppose we are interested in estimating the true mean amount of swelling for pigs of this type under the conditions of this experiment. Would we use a paired-difference procedure or an independent sample procedure? Justify your response. (b) What is the sample mean difference? What is the standard deviation of the differences? (c) What is the standard error of the sample mean difference? (d) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true mean amount of swelling under the conditions of this experiment. Give an interpretation of the confidence interval in the context of the problem at hand. (e) Carry out a test of the null hypothesis that there is no swelling on average (after 8 hours), against the appropriate one-sided alternative hypothesis. Give the hypotheses in words and symbols, value of the test statistic, p-value, and conclusion.

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a In this scenario we would use a paireddifference procedure The reason is that the experiment invol... View the full answer