Original Source Material

Student Version

If a bird used the 'There is a hawk' signal when there was no hawk, thereby frighteniorg his colleagues away, leaving him to eat all their food, we might say he had told a lie. We would not mean he had deliberately intended consciously to deceive. All that is implied is that the liar gained food at the other birds' expense, and the reason the other birds flew away was that they reacted to the liar's cry in a way appropriate to the presence of a hawk.

References:

Dawkins, R$.(1989).$ The selfish gene $(3$rd ed$.).$ Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

For the purposes of the remaining text, we shall put the question of animal intention aside and consider an animal liar if it signals to fellow creatures the presence of a threat when it is not in fact there and, subsequently, benefits from not having to share resources $($Dawkins$,1989).$

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word$-$for$-$Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints