Paraphase It :

3.0 Introduction

Methodology refers to the general logic and theoretical perspective of a study (Bogdan & Biklen, 2007). It can also be defined as the procedure and other research activities as well as method employed during the course of research study. It is a body of knowledge that describes and analyses methods indicating their limitation and resources, clarifying their presupposition and consequences and relating their potentials to research advances (Miller, 1991). It is also regarded as set of method and principles used to perform a particular activity.

This chapter gives a description of the methods as well as instrument that was used in conducting this study. This chapter presented the research design, described and stated the population of the study, and gives the sample size and sampling techniques; presented the instrument that was employed to collect the data, state the data collection procedures, ethical consideration, and describe the data analysis procedures for the data that was collected.

3.1 Research Method

Since the study contain some social experiences of participants, the qualitative method with case study approach was adopted for this study. This approach was considered suitable because it is an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real - life context, especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident (Merriam, 2009). A case study is an approach in which one or few instances of phenomenon are studied in depth (Given, 2008). Qualitative research is a systematic scientific inquiry which seeks to build a holistic, largely narrative, description to inform the researchers understanding of a social or cultural phenomenon (Given, 2008). Qualitative research is an umbrella term for a broad range of different approaches and methods, which vary considerably in terms of focus, assumptions about the nature of knowledge and the role of the researcher (Astalin, 2013).

3.2 Research Design

The researcher used the exploratory research design for the purpose of this study. Exploratory research, as the name implies, intends to explore the research questions and does not intend to offer final and conclusive solutions to existing problems. This type of research is usually conducted to study a problem that has not been clearly defined (Singh, 2007). This research design is being employed in order to determine the nature of the problem, and not intended to provide conclusive evidence, but provide better understanding of the subject under review (Nargundkar, 2008). Exploratory research design involves many qualitative data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, focus groups and projective techniques. Some of the advantages that the exploratory research design provides are it flexibility and adaptability to change, it is effective in laying the groundwork that will lead to future studies, and it can potentially save time and other resources by determining at the earlier stages the types of research that are worth pursuing (Nargundkar, 2008).