Part $1$: Smithing Operations

To start, you will create various methods that perform different smithing operations on words.

Some methods take different numbers and types of arguments. For each method, print out

details of the operation before returning the result. The details of the operations are as

follows:

a$)$ Draw out

Drawing out is the process of stretching metal. For our "wordsmithing", this method should

take an input word and an index for it to be drawn out from. Return a copy of the input word

that has the character at the given index repeated one more time at the same location:

Example: "smithing" drawn out at index $2$ would result in "smiithing"

b$)$ Shrinking

Shrinking metal is exactly what it sounds like: making it smaller. In the case of "wordsmithing",

let's treat that as making some letters lowercase. This method should take the input word, a

starting index $($inclusive$),$ and an ending index $($exclusive$),$ and return a copy of the input word

with the specified range of characters all lowercase.

Example: "SmiTHiNg" shrunk between $4$ and $7($exclusive$!)$ would result in "SmiThing".

c$)$ Upsetting

Upsetting metal is making it thicker in one dimension. For our case, we're going to treat it as

the opposite of shrinking: making letters in a range capitalized. This method should also take

the input word, a starting index $($inclusive$),$ and an ending index $($exclusive$),$ but should return a

copy of the input word with the specified range of characters all capitalized.

Example: "SmiTHiNg" upset between $4$ and $7($exclusive$!)$ would result in "SmiTHINg".

d$)$ Punching

Punching metal is using pointy tools to put holes through a piece. For "wordsmithing", let's just

add a space instead! Your punch method should take in an input string and an index. Return a

new string with a space added before the given index, with the rest of the input shifted right.

Example: "smithing" punched at index $5$ results in "smith ing"

e$)$ Welding

Welding metal is the process of combining pieces to make a new whole. "Welding" words will

simply be concatenating them. Your weld method should take two input strings and return a

the two inputs stuck together! No need to add spaces or anything like that.

Example: "smithing" welded with "words" results in "smithingwords"

f$)$ Stamping

In metal, this is a process where a die is used to make an impression into the piece. For our

"wordsmithing", we're going to treat it as pressing a "die" into the word, leaving the letters of

the die as a stamp.

The stamp method should take in an input string representing the current workpiece, a string

representing the "die", and a starting index to stamp at$.$

Example: Stamping "smithing" with the die "hear" at position $1$ results in "shearing".

If the position and die length is such that the stamp would go past the end of the input string,

only apply the portion of the die that impacts the characters in the input string. $($The input and

output strings should be the same length!$)$ Note: You do not need to use conditionals for this!

Example: Stamping "smithing" with the die $"\text{'}$s workshop" at position $5$ would only result in

"smith's" $($with a space at the end$).$

$($Code Java language$)$