Perfection under Article $9$

a$.$ is a record intended to notify the general public that the secured party has a security interest in the collateral.

b$.$ means to sign a document or to use any symbol or encryption method that identifies the person and clearly indicates they are adopting the record as their own.

C$.$ is an interest in personal property or fixtures that secures the performance of some obligation.

d$.$ is a series of steps the secured party must take to protect its rights in the collateral against people other than the debtor.