Please answer each questions.

(38) Which statement about power is wrong? (a) Powerful people make others feel powerful and help peers and subordinates accomplish tasks. (b) According to Mcclelland, managers who use their power to advance the goals of the organization develop sustainable influence whereas those who use their power for personal gain tend to fail. (c) Powerful executives are aloof to subordinates, overly ambitious, and know to depend on mentors). (d) Power can be defined as the potential to influence other people's behavior. (39) If I urge you to study for this exam because learning about power and influence tactics will benefit you in the long run, which influence tactic am I using? (a) Reason. (b) Reciprocity. (c) Retribution. (d) all of the preceding. (40) Which statement is true: (a) Influence strategies involving retribution work best when there is lots of time and equal power. (b) Influence strategies involving reciprocity work best when parties are mutually dependent and each party has resources the other values. (c) Reason strategies work best when there is a limited or no relationship. (d) An advantage of using retribution strategies is that they reduce the need to monitor employees, who become fearful and subservient, hence compliant. (41) Which of the following is NOT characteristic of effective goal setting? (a) Including work groups in their goal setting process. (b) Setting specific, consistent, and appropriately challenging goals. (c) Inclusion of feedback. (d) Inclusion of a path for self-disclosure. (42) Which is NOT a behavior-shaping strategy in Whetten and Cameron's model of behavior-shaping strategies of how to use rewards and discipline appropriately? (a) Reprimand. (b) Release. (c) Redirect. (d) Reinforce