Please answer the question below:

Read the attached case. Summarize it and evaluate it in terms of the concepts we learned about in class. Make sure to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of each of the concepts you use, including nuances in their application to the case. Based on your evaluation, weigh your options and defend a position on what should be done, and why.

• Please include an evaluation in terms of the classic and stakeholder models.
• Then evaluate and apply another one or two concepts that we explored.
• It is better to demonstrate your knowledge in depth than to name many concepts and just describe them in one or two sentences. Deep knowledge includes nuances and critiques

Note: It is better to demonstrate your knowledge in depth than to name many concepts and just describe them in one or two sentences. Deep knowledge includes nuances and critiques.

case:

How Cruise Ships Bring 1,200 Tons of Toxic Fumes to Brooklyn a Year

(abridged) By Lisa M. Collins, New York Times

On a chilly fall morning in Red Hook, Brooklyn, the Queen Mary 2, the luxury liner known for its opulent black-tie dinners and ballroom dances, docked under blue skies ....

Between stops around the world, the ocean liner always returns to Brooklyn, its home port. It docks for about 11 hours, unloading and restocking on the edge of New York Harbor amid an endless procession of commuter ferries, like the one that motored by that day with Adam Armstrong on board.

As the ferry passed the Queen Marys mountainous hull, Mr. Armstrong steadied his footing. He focused his camera, yet again, on the object of his obsession.

You have about six seconds to see it, Mr. Armstrong said, pointing toward the industrial clutter on the pier that would soon block the view.

Adam Armstrong of Red Hook... has tracked the Queen Mary 2s shore power record for years. Ah, he said. There it is. He quickly snapped photos of a little blue crane holding electrical plugs the size of milk jugs. Its plugged in today, he said with a hint of disappointment, perhaps hoping to catch the cruise

line in the act... Well, thats good, he finally said. Thats the way it should have been for the last decade since

they built this thing. This thing is the $21 million plug-in station that Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg and the Port

Authority of New York and New Jersey agreed to introduce in Red Hook several years ago in an effort to eliminate 1,200 tons of carbon dioxide, 25 tons of nitrous oxide and tons of hazardous particulate matter spewed out each year by cruise ships idling off Brooklyns coast.

When not using shore power, a single cruise ship docked for one day can emit as much diesel exhaust as 34,400 idling tractor-trailers, according to an independent analysis verified by the Environmental Protection Agency. When a ship is plugged in, the agency said, its exhaust is nearly eliminated....

Carnival Cruise, which owns the three big ships that dock regularly in Brooklyn, including the Queen Mary 2, agrees that the issue is important.

Protecting the environment and environmental compliance are top priorities, Carnivals spokesman, Roger Frizzell, said in an email. Forty percent of Carnivals fleet is equipped to use shore power, he added.

We have invested millions of dollars to equip our ships with shore power capabilities and other emerging next-generation technologies that are a pathway to lower emissions and a cleaner environment, he wrote.

Figuring out why Brooklyns shore-power system hasnt eliminated cruise ship pollution has become a guessing game involving various government agencies, activists and the cruise lines themselves.

One thing is certain: Cruise ships in New York dont have to plug in if they dont want to.

The Red Hook plug-in station makes shore power available to ships that are docked in Brooklyn. Pioneered by the United States Navy decades ago, the system essentially a giant plug on the wharf that extends to sockets onboard lets ships in port turn off their massive diesel engines and draw power from the local electric grid....

Plugging in is also expensive: By one estimate, using shore power in Brooklyn exclusively would cost Carnival $1 million more a year than burning fuel at port.

To help encourage cruise lines to plug in while docked, the city and the New York State Power Authority agreed to help pay half of Carnivals electric bill as long as the company agreed to retrofit its ships, at a cost of up to $4 million, to plug in.

.... A recent survey showed that reported asthma rates among participating families in the Red Hook Houses were higher than the citywide average....

The Brooklyn cruise terminal was extremely important to the citys cruise business, said Michael DeMeo, a vice president at the development corporation at the time. (Mr. DeMeo has since taken a position at a marine trade organization.) ...

If ships were required to plug in, Mr. DeMeo said, then they would just go across the harbor, he said, and dock in New Jersey.

We cant force them, he said. The crowd jeered. They can pay our hospital bills, Ms. Nandan yelled. In New York, the decision about whether to use shore power is left to a ships captain, and the

plug-ins are not monitored. Carlos Menchaca, a City Council member who represents Red Hook, wants to change that.

When it comes to cruise ships and air pollution, the Eastern Seaboard is the Wild West. As little use as the Red Hook plug-in system gets, it is the only shore power system for cruise ships on the Atlantic in the country.

A question remains: If cruise ships are not required to plug in, why do they do it at all? Call it altruism, says Carnival. When docked at the port with our ships, we operate our shore-power system when available

because it is a core part of our environmental and compliance strategy around the world, Mr. Frizzell, the Carnival spokesman, said in an email.

California, unlike New York, has made plugging in mandatory. Under a strict 2007 diesel- emissions law, the state requires that 70 percent of visiting ships including container and refrigerated cargo vessels connect to shore power.

...

In Brooklyn, while other cruise ships are welcome to use the plug-in system, the Queen Mary is the only one that can easily access shore power because the electrical sockets on other ships do not line up with the shore-power crane, according to a development corporation spokesman.

Solutions for the problem do exist, said Mike Larkin, a sales director for Cavotec USA, which built the connections at Long Beach and Los Angeles, including a mobile unit that can carry electrical cables and plugs up and down the wharf. One such unit costs $600,000 to $800,000, Mr. Larkin said...