please give me correct answer$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$What are the foundational theories in civil engineering, and how do they underpin the discipline's core principles and practices? Explore the evolution of theories such as structural analysis, soil mechanics, fluid dynamics, and materials science, elucidating their roles in shaping modern civil engineering practices. Discuss the relevance of classic theories like Euler$-$Bernoulli beam theory or Terzaghi's principles alongside contemporary advancements such as finite element analysis or computational fluid dynamics. How do these theories inform the design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure projects, ensuring safety, efficiency, and sustainability? Additionally, consider the interdisciplinary nature of civil engineering, incorporating elements from physics, mathematics, and other fields.