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Chapter 4 IT Infrastructure Hardware and software 159 INTERACTIVE SESSION: PEOPLE Should You Use Your iPhone for Work? Look around. On the street, at restaurants, sports is being used, and what software it is equipped with. events, and stores, you'll find many people using their for unprepared companies, keeping track of who gets smartphone By 2013, 1.3 billion people will be able access to what data could be a nightmare to use their mobile phone to do work on the go, and by With the variety of phones and operating systems 2015. 44 billion people, which is more than 60 percent available, providing adequate technical support for of the world's population, will have access to some every employee could be difficult. When employees form of 4G mobile broadband technology are not able to access critical data or encounter other If almost everyone has a personal smartphone, problems with their mobile devices, they will need why not use it for work? Employees using their own assistance from the information systems department smartphones would allow companies to enjoy all Companies that rely on desktop computers tend to of the same benefits of a mobile workforce without have many of the same computers with the same specs spending their own money on these devices, but IT and operating systems, making tech support that much departments need to overcome several logistical casier. Mobility introduces a new layer of variety and hurdles to make that vision a reality. Using personal complexity to tech support that companies need to be devices for business poses difficult problems for prepared to handle companies, including security, inventory management, A firm's software development teams can support, Integrating mobile devices into pre-existing benefit from having one person specifically focused IT functions and systems, and measuring return on on ensuring that new applications will be easily investment. In other words, it's not that simple, usable and useful on smartphones. Many compa- A significant portion of corporate IT resources nies are integrating these mobility experts into is dedicated to managing and maintaining a large core IT functions and software development. Unless number of devices within an organization. In the applications and software can be used on mobile past, companies tried to limit business smartphone devices to connect to the firm's existing IT platform use to a single platform. This made it easier to keep and company wide CRM, SCM, and ERP systems. track of each mobile device and to roll out software a business smartphone is just a phone, and mobility upgrades or fixes, because all employees were using experts can help a company leverage mobility more the same devices or at the very least, the same effectively operating system. The most popular employer issued There are significant concerns with securing smartphone was Research in Motion's BlackBerry company information accessed with mobile devices which is considered the most secure mobile platform If a device is stolen or compromised companies available. BlackBerry mobile devices access corporate need ways to ensure that sensitive or confidential e-mail and data using a proprietary software and information isn't freely available to anyone. Mobility networking platform that is company.controlled and puts assets and data at greater risk than if they were protected from outsiders. Today, the mobile digital only located within company walls and on company landscape is much more complicated, with a variety machines. Companies often use technologies that of devices and operating systems on the market that do allow them to wipe data from devices remotely, or not have well-developed tools for administration and encrypt data so that if a device is solen, it cannot be security used. You'll find a detailed discussion of mobile secu If employees are allowed to work with more than rity issues in Chapter 7 one type of mobile device and operating system, A number of software products have emerged to companies need an effective way to keep track of help companies manage diverse mobile platforms all the devices employees are using. To access com- Sybase Afaria, Trellia, Microsoft Systems Center pany information, the company's networks must be Device Manager, and Odyssey Software Athena configured to receive connections from that device have capabilities for configuring devices remotely, When employees make changes to their personal enforcing different sets of policies for different users phone, such as switching cellular carriers, changing and devices, and managing applications running on all their phone number or buying a new mobile device of them altogether, companies will need to quickly and flexibly Novo Nordisk, headquartered in Denmark, ensure that their employees are still able to remain manufactures and markets pharmaceutical products productive. Firms need an efficient inventory manage- and services throughout the world. Its 2.000-member ment system that keeps track of which devices employ- salesforce operates in 25 different countries, and uses ees are using, where the device is located whether it a diverse assortment of mobile phones, smartphones 150 Part :nformation Technology infrastructure and mobile handhelds. To manage all of these devices event of a security breach. Royal Dutch Shell PLC is centrally, Novo Nordisk implemented Sybase Afaria testing virtualized systems for use with tablets such as Using Afaria, the company's internal IT department the iPad. Placing virtualization software on employ can deploy new applications to mobile devices quickly ces personal tablets is less expensive than outfitting and without extensive end-user interaction. A new them with company purchased laptops mobile phone user just needs to answer"yes" to Novo In order to successfully integrate mobile devices Nordisk's configuration process, and the installation into corporate and IT strategy. companies need to care happens automatically. Afaria also has features for fully examine their business processes and determine enabling individual countries or regions to provide whether or not mobility makes sense for them. Not their own local support, a necessity since each Novo every firm will benefit from mobility to the same Nordisk market has it own data connections, policies degree. Without a clear idea of how exactly mobile and requirements, devices fit into the long-term plans for the firm.com Another approach to mobile device management panies will end up wasting their money on unneces is virtualization. Companies can install software such sary devices and mobile initiatives. One of the biggest as Citrix Systems XenDesktop that runs Windows worries that managers have about mobility is the diff desktops and individual applications on any device culty of measuring return on investment. Many workers regardless of operating system. Employees then we wear by their mobile devices, and the benefits are too that software to access their entire desktop on their significant to ignore, but quantifying how much money smartphones and mobile handhelds, and are thus able is earned or saved by going mobile can be difficult to use the same programs on the road that they use in the office. The virtualization software has built-in Www Selling security features that allow corporations to prohibit the Brew Comme saving data on local devices, to encrypt all corporate Modne SMD.. data without touching employees' personal applica- De Cow tions and data and to remotely erase the data in the CASE STUDY QUESTIONS 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of allowing employees to use their personal smartphones for work? 2. What people, organization, and technology factors should be addressed when deciding whether to allow employees to use their personal smartphones for work? 3. Allowing employees to use their own smartphones for work will save the company money. Do you agree? Why or why not? MIS IN ACTION Visit the Web sites of Sybuse and Citrix Systems and review the portion of these Websites dealing with Syhase's Afaria and Citrix XenDesktop If you wanted to use your personal iPhone for work explain what each of these products could do to help your company manage your mobile device These interfaces can be costly and messy to build. Menu bars, commands error messages, reports, queries, online data entry forms, and system documentation may need to be translated into all the languages of the countries where the system will be used. To be truly useful for enhancing productivity of a global workforce, the software interfaces must be easily understood and mastered quickly. The entire process of converting software to operate in a second language is called so are localization. Global systems must also consider differences in local cultures and business processes Cross-functional systems such as enterprise and supply chain management systems are not always compatible with differences in languages, cultural heritages, and business processes in other countries In a global systems environment, all of these factors add to the TCO and will influence decisions about whether to outsource or use technology service providers