PLEASE READ AND ANSWER QUESTIONS BELOW:BackgroundOn April $12$th$,2018,$ Rashon Nelson and Donte Robinson walked into a Starbucks located in downtownPhiladelphia. Immediately after entering the store, Rashon asked to use the restroom. The Starbucksmanager denied the request, stating that only paying customers could use the restroom. While Starbucksholds to a safe and welcoming $[$environment$]$ for everyone, the company did not have a universal policyon rendering services to non$-$paying customers. Therefore, this decision was at the discretion of themanager.Following the request denial, Rashon walked over and joined Donte at a table. The manager approachedthe two men and asked if they needed help. In response, they stated that, Were fine, were waiting for ameeting, well be out really quick.Rashon and Donte entered the Starbucks at approximately $4$:$35$ at $4$:$37,$ a call was made to the localpolice department requesting to remove Rashon and Donte for trespassing. The police arrived, placedRashon and Donte in handcuffs, and removed them from the store. During the arrest, their businesspartner $($Andrew Yaffe$)$ arrived for the meeting.A video from another person in the store, was taken of the arrest; it went viral.AftermathAs the incident gained international attention, it became widely regarded that the Starbucks manager $($andby association, Starbucks$)$ acted in a discriminatory and racist manner toward Rashon and Donte, bothblack men. As attention to the incident grew, rampant and sharp criticism of Starbucks and the behaviorof its employees flooded social media. #BoycottStarbucks trended on Twitter.Two days later, on April $14$th$,$ Starbucks dropped all charges, and Kevin Johnson $($CEO of Starbucks$)$issued a company apology. The apology included three main elements: $(1)$ a formal apology to Rashonand Donte, $(2)$ a statement of plans to investigate facts and make changes, and $(3)$ a statement thatStarbucks is opposed to discrimination and racial profiling. In the statement Kevin Johnson called theincident, a disheartening situation...that led to a reprehensible outcome.On April $15$th$,$ protests occurred at several locations, including the site of the incident. On April $17$th$,$Kevin Johnson met with Rashon and Donte. The same day, Starbucks announced a plan to stop operationson May $29$th to conduct implicit $($or unconscious$)$ racial$-$bias training.Approximately one month later, on May $20$ th$,$ Starbucks adjusted its policy on nonpaying guests, formallygranting access to sitting areas and restrooms for nonpaying guests. This was termed the Use of ThirdPlace Policy. with the aim of fostering a culture of warmth and belonging where everyone iswelcome...$[$and$]$ to help maintain the third place environment in alignment with our mission to inspireand nurture the human spirit one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time.On June $8$th$,$ the Philadelphia police department reformed its policies on arrests related to trespassing$\mathrm{.}1)$It is impossible to know what someone is thinking completely. However, bydefinition, ethical dilemmas occur when someone is faced with competing choices.The delay in responding to what happened could have been due to Kevin Johnsonweighing the potential impact that drawing attention to what happened could haveon bottom$-$line profits and the Starbucks brand $($on one hand$)$ and the importance ofsupporting fairness and impartial standards $($on the other hand.$)$These examples represent what two approaches to making a decision in response toan ethical dilemma?A$.$ Moral$-$rights and individual approachesB. Justice and moral$-$rights approachesC. Utilitarian and justice approachesD. Individual and utilitarian approaches$2)$The ethical dilemma in this case study demonstrates what can happen when thereare competing values. Based on the information in the case study, what is the primary value held by theoffending manager, and what is the primary value held by Starbucks' broadercustomer base?A$.$ Organization $($to maintain structure$)$; Exploration $($to experience new things$)$B$.$ Freedom $($to act as one wishes$)$; Justice $($to treat all people equally$)$C$.$ Justice $($to treat all people equally$)$; Efficiency $($minimizing costs$)$D$.$ Freedom $($to act as one wishes$)$; Wealth $($increasing wealth in society at large$)3)$ When evaluating ethical dilemmas, it can be helpful to analyze organizationalpractices that might encourage situations where ethical dilemmas can occur. Basedon the information in the case study, what generally accepted organizational practicecould have created this situation at Starbucks?A$)$ Giving employees unconscious bias trainingB$)$ Having a highly involved Human Resources departmentC$)$ Giving full autonomy to managers for how they run their storesD$)$ Having a strong mission statement$4)$ Internal stakeholders include employees, managers, and owners. However,customers $($as well as potential customers$)$ are also considered stakeholders. Basedon the information in the case study, how did Starbucks' response to what happeneddamage their relationship with customers?A$)$ Starbucks fired the manager involvedB$)$ Starbucks provided training for employees