Please read the case study below, and answer ALL 3 of the questions which follow in Part A. You should refer to the information about the company mentioned in this case material to respond to the questions which follow.

SAS has perfected the art of employee management. It has been ranked on Fortune magazines best places to work list every year since the list was first published. Employees seem to genuinely enjoy working at SAS and are unusually attached to the company, resulting in a turnover rate that is less than 4% in an industry where 20% is the norm. In fact, when Google designed their own legendary campus in California, they visited the SAS campus to get ideas.

One thing SAS does well is giving its employees opportunities to work on interesting and challenging projects. The software developers have the opportunity to develop cutting-edge software to be used around the world. The company makes an effort to concentrate its business in the areas of analytics, which add the most value and help organizations best analyze disparate data for decision making, creating opportunities for SAS workers to be challenged. Plus, the company removes obstacles for employees. Equipment, policies, rules, and meetings that could impede productivity are eliminated.

The company has a reputation as a pioneer when it comes to the perks it offers employees, but these perks are not given with a mentality of offer everything but the kitchen sink. There is careful thinking and planning behind the choice of perks the company offers. SAS conducts regular employee satisfaction surveys, and any future benefits and perks offered are planned in response to the results. The company wants to eliminate stressors and anything that dissatisfies from peoples lives. To keep employees healthy and fit, there are athletic fields; a full gym; a swimming pool; and tennis, basketball, and racquetball courts on campus. Plus, the company offers free on-site health care for employees, covers dependents at their fully staffed primary medical care centre, and offers unlimited sick leave. The company understands that employees have a life and encourages employees to work reasonable hours and then go home to their families. In fact, a famous motto in the company is, If you are working for more than 8 hours, you are just adding bugs. SAS is truly one of the industry leaders in leveraging its treatment of people for continued business success.

1. Using information from the Case Study given above, describe SASs organisational culture. In your response, you must consider each of Scheins three levels.
2. Based on evidence from the SAS case study, explain how the company has utilised the Bath Model of Human Resource Management to encourage staff to engage in positive discretionary behaviour.
3. Consider whether the staff at SAS belong to a strong group. Discuss what makes this group strong or weak by drawing on examples from the case study.