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Chapter 12 Enhancing Decision Making 519 E Better for Business, Better for the Environment CASE STUDY environmental Monitoring Solutions Pty Ltd (EMS) is an Australian company helping pet. tanks. The European Environment Agency estimated rol station owners to manage their operations, in 2014 that there may be as many as 25 million specifically around fuel supply and storage. When a potentially contaminated sites across Europe need person in Australia drives into a petrol station and ing investigation, meaning up to 250,000 cases might fills up their car, the process usually appears pretty be due to petrol storage. In the United States, for the simple and seamless: they fill their tank and walk in year ending September 2018, over 5,600 confirmed to pay, and the operator has a console showing how underground petrol tank leaks were recorded by the much fuel was pumped and can charge the customer U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in just one accordingly. Behind the scenes, however, the pro- year, with the cumulative total for the past 30 years being over half a million. The true cost of leaking cesses are much more complex Petrol stations often run a variety of different fuel is not just to the service station owner's bank hardware and software platforms, and some of them balance, but to the environment can be quite old by today's standards. There might The financial cost of repairing a leaking under be one information system for tracking the amount ground petrol tank and remediating contaminated soil is also significant-it can easily exceed $100,000 of fuel dispensed per pump, another to track the amount of fuel remaining in the large underground for just one leaking tank, and the petrol station's fuel operations would typically be closed for at least three tanks, and a third to manage the point-of-sale trans weeks, meaning loss of revenue on top of the cost actions. In a typical petrol station, these would prob of repair and remediation. It makes good business ably not be integrated, making it almost impossible sense as well as good environmental sense to pre- for an owner to get a snapshot of how much fuel vent such leaks from occurring in the first place. they have in stock at any moment in time or to com Environmental Monitoring Solutions has been pare fuel sales against the amount in the tanks providing technology to help the fuel industry, in- Further, it is not unusual for there to be discrepancluding large fuel operators in the Asia-Pacific re- cies between the different information systems. If gion, manage their stock for over 25 years, with a the level of the underground fuel tanks (according particular focus on environmental impact. The key to the inventory management system) seems to be to their work on detecting leaks is a widely used decreasing at a faster rate than the amount of fuel technique called statistical inventory reconciliation sold (according to the point-of-sale system), what (SIR). With traditional SIR, the petrol station operator does it mean? Is there a fault in measuring the stock takes daily opening and closing measurements of the volume of fuel in the tanks, which may be as simple remaining in the underground fuel tank? Is there a faulty pump that is dispensing more fuel to the as using a gauge stick physically inserted into the tank or may involve an automatic tank gauge (ATG) customer than they are paying for? Could one of the that measures the level of fuel and reports back to a petrol station attendants be giving away free fuel to console. This volume of fuel in each tank is collated their friends by undercharging them or worse, is with the daily sales volume and any deliveries that there a leak in the underground tank, meaning that have arrived, then provided as input to a computer petrol is leaking into the soil and contaminating the program that runs a statistical analysis on the data nearby groundwater? In the state of New South Wales in Australia, as of over a period of time at least a month-to identify unexplained variations December 2018, over a thousand petrol stations and However, leak detection is just one part of the other petroleum storage facilities were reported to overall petrol station operation. A leak detection the NSW Environmental Protection Authority as po tentially contaminated sites, most likely from leaking system using SIR software still cannot tell you if the pumps are not properly calibrated or are delivering too much or too little fuel-nor will it tell you if there is an employee that is undercharging customers. But underground fuel tanks. But if you think that's a lot, in Europe, around 10 percent of all soil contamina- tion relates to storage, including underground petrol 520 Part Three Key System Applications for the Digital Age recent products developed by EMS together with their technology partner Dius use the Internet of sooner and action taken more promptly to prevent Things and the cloud to bring petrol station manage- environmental disaster ment into the modern era and put more data than Overall, Fuelsuite greatly improves information ever before at the business owner's fingertips. quality, specifically the dimensions of information Fuelsuite is an information system that provides accuracy, completeness, timeliness, and accesibil. petrol station owners with a complete view of opera ity. This improvement in information quality alone tions, from tank levels to sales reports and even the can lead to improved business decisions, but now that the information is being constantly collected pressure inside the hoses that carry the fuel. The and stored in a common platform, it opens up the aim is to support better decision-making by petrol station owners and to enable them to manage their possibility of incorporating business Intelligence and analytics. Fuelsuite already includes a dashboard operations proactively rather than reactively view for owners to see the performance of their busi- Fuelsuite stores data in the cloud, hosted on the ness at a glance. The dashboards can show alers, Amazon AWS cloud platform. This enables remote tank levels, pumps that are out of service, sales management, with owners able to keep track of data, and more. The data can be aggregated by loca what's happening on site from anywhere in the tion and show historical values over time. Analytics world. Moreover, companies often own multiple pet algorithms can be applied to the data to highlight rol station site sometimes hundreds -- Fuelsuite trends over time or to identify patterns in particular allows them to aggregate data from multiple sites locations and see warnings or alerts that need the most urgent But when Fuelscan is combined with Fuelsuite, attention the possibilities grow even further. With data being Although Fuelsuite can work with pre-existing collected every 30 seconds, 24 hours a day, from systems, like automatic tank gauges to get near real multiple sensors in each of potentially hundreds of time data, they have developed a companion product petrol stations for a single owning company, EMS called Fuelscan, an lot hardware device that col now working with big data. Not only can each petrol lects data from tank sensors to ascertain how much station owner access more data about their opera fuel remains and lastens in to the clectric circuit that tions than ever before, but EMS also has the ability to connects the fuel pumps to know when a pump is aggregate the data by operator, location, time period dispensing fuel and when pumps are on-or offline and other attributes to produce detailed reports on It can also connect to the point-of-sale system and Identity trends in the data the electronic sign boards that display petrol prices. The next stage is predictive analytics, and EMS In the future, it may connect with electric vehicle are already exploring what can be done in this area charging stations and other kinds of devices at the By applying statistical analysis to historical data, petrol station that generate data. Fuelscan collects Fuelsuite can help petrol station owners forecast this data every 30 seconds and sends it over a cellu future events. Data on how often different pumps lar data network to the cloud, where it can be stored are out of order can be used to come up with a main and processed by the Fuelsuite information system. tenance plan that predicts when a pump is likely to This information system gives petrol station own fail and to schedule maintenance in advance, avoid ers an almost real-time view of what's happening ing downtime. It can also use data on fuel sales at at each station. They can see if stock of a particular different times of the year to predict peak periods type of fuel is running low or if a particular pump is of demand in different suburbs and order more tre malfunctioning and has been taken offline. If there quent deliveries of fuel to ensure the tanks don't run is a malfunction, they can pinpoint the problem out. The system enables proactive management, pre before calling a technician, saving time and avoid dicting and preventing negative events before they ing wasted callouts. They can see how much fuel is occur being dispensed and at what price, so they can spot Through Fuelsuite, petrol station owners have a any discrepancies between the sales records and the cess to much greater information about their sites stock levels. And importantly, if there are any dis- operations, and more importantly, it is integrated crepancies in fuel stock levels that might be caused into a single platform, enabling enhanced decision by leaking fuel tanks, these can be identified much making. In the future, it could even be used for opet ational intelligence, enabling petrol stations to detect Chapter 12 Enhancing Decision Making 521 probable leaks from pumps or tanks and shut down services automatically to prevent loss and potential environmental damage, and to detect when water sitting at the bottom of an underground fuel tank is about to be pumped into a customer's vehicle, allow- ing them to shut down the pump before it happens, avoiding costly insurance claims and, of course, un happy customers. Suures "Enabling Service Stations to Keep Stock of Fuello Huh June 3, 2018 Peter Gutim, "Using lot to Unity Petrol Station Management IoT Hub, April 7, 2017 Howarth, 2018 CRN Impact Awards DEUS and Environmental Monitoring Solutions, im.cau, May 2018 Dupuy, "Has Your Fuel Been Stolen, or Just Lost? Understanding Your Losses with a Fuel Management System." driving com. December 5, 2018 New South Wales Environmental Protection Authority, "List of Contaminated Sites Notified to the EPA, panw sova, acossed December 14, 2018 European Environment Agency. "Soil Contamination Widespread in Europe, europa.eu, May 2014 United States Environmental Protection Agency, Semiannual Report of UST Performance Measures - End of Fiscal Year 2018 p.gov, November 2018, CASE STUDY QUESTIONS 12-13 Fuelsuite improves information accuracy completeness, timeliness, and accessibility For each of these dimensions of information quality, describe how Fuelsuite improves that dimension 12-14 Other than the petrol station owners, think of two other decision-makers who might be able to use the data collected by FuelSuite for improving decision making, and explain how 12-15 With Fuelscan as an example, what impact does the Internet of Things have upon the information available for decision making. and what is needed to realise its potential? 12-16 Imagine that Fuelsuite has decided to incor. porate some operational intelligence and au- tomated decision making. What are some ex- amples of how this could be used, and what are the risks in doing this? Case contributed by Wayne Brookes, University of Technology Sydney