Problem #$1(25\%)$

A tar $($asphalt$)$ coated cast iron pipe $-$in$)$ supplies a fire hydrant. Assume water viscosity $(v)$ is $9\mathrm{.}7{10}^{-6}f\frac{t^2}{sec}.$

a$)$ Assume supply pipe is horizontal and a design value of pipe roughness $()$ to calculate steady flow rate $($gpm$)$ if pressure drop over entire pipe length $=400$ psi. $)=(450gpm$

b$)$ Briefly describe how a water hammer could be generated in this pipe and its potential negative impact