Problem # $1(4$ points; $(1)/(2)$ point each$)$: Mark the following with TRUE or FALSE:

Statement TRUE$/$FALSE

$1.$

In cryptography, the fundamental concept of $$diffusion$$ means spreading a

plaintext statistics through the ciphertext.

$2.$

In A$5/1$ stream cipher, the probability that at least two registers shift in every

step is only $75\%.$

$3.$

Using the RSA cryptosystem with a public key $($N$,$ e$)=(145,3),$ the cube

root attack works when the message M $=5.$

$4.$

The Diffie$-$Hellman system discussed in the textbook can be directly used to

ensure the confidentiality