Question: Problem: Consider the following protocol used by two parties A (Alice) and B (Bob) to send a message from A to B. 1. A to

Problem: Consider the following protocol used by two parties A (Alice) and B (Bob) to send a message from A to B.

1. A to B : M1 = M (XOR) NA where NA is As nonce (a randomly selected number)

2. B to A : M2 = M1 (XOR) NB where NB is Bs nonce

3. A to B : M3 = M2 (XOR) NA

a) Show that how B can recover M.

b) Is the system secure? Try whether someone with knowledge of M1, M2, and M3 can retrieve M. Defend your answer. (Note: The notation A to B means A sends to B) [Cryptographic Protocol from Applied Cryptography]

Step by Step Solution

There are 3 Steps involved in it

1 Expert Approved Answer
Step: 1 Unlock blur-text-image
Question Has Been Solved by an Expert!

Get step-by-step solutions from verified subject matter experts

Step: 2 Unlock
Step: 3 Unlock

Students Have Also Explored These Related Databases Questions!

Q:

"This is a very interesting case, Watson," Holmes said. "The young man loves a girl, and she loves him too. However, her father is a strange fellow who insists that his would-be son-in-law must...

Q:

Consider the following protocol between Alice ( sender ) and Bob ( receiver ) : Both parties have already agreed on the choice of a strong cryptographic hash function H ( e . g . SHA - 5 1 2 ) , and...

Q:

Consider the following protocol for two parties Alice and Bob to flip a fair coin (more complicated versions of this might be used for Internet gambling): A trusted party T publishes her public key...

Q:

A problem about Crypotography: Consider the following protocol for two parties Alice and Bob to flip a fair coin (more complicated versions of this might be used for Internet gambling): A trusted...

Q:

Consider the following protocol between Alice and Bob: Both parties have already agreed on the choice of a strong cryptographic hash function H (e.g. SHA-512), and the choice of a strong public key...

Q:

can you solve it step by step? Suppose two parties, Alice and Bob, have agreed on a scheme, in which they would be using a hash function h(M), such as SHA-1, and a certain public-key encryption...

Q:

ion: Consider the following rules " If one is drunk or sick then he/she is not sober. Further, assume the following facts concerning the respective people: "Tony is sober" "Tom is not sober" "Esther...

Q:

. Mutual Authentication using Symmetric Key [ 1 6 Points ] ( a ) Consider the following mutual authentication protocol, where KAB is a shared symmetric key. Give two different attacks that Trudy can...

Q:

In network and information security, RSA algorithm and Diffie-Hellman key-exchange algorithm are two important cryptosystems which both involve the use of large prime numbers and modular math, though...

Q:

10. Consider the following security protocol that authenticates two parties A and B, using a trusted server S. KA is a secret key known by A and S, KB is the secret key known by B and S, N1 and N2...

Q:

Company ABC has the following free cash flows to the firm (FCFF) forecast for the next 5 years: Year FCFF (in millions) Year 1 1.0 Year 2 1.2 Year 3 1.4 (All values below are in millions) Cash Debt...

Q:

The Olde Yogurt Factory has reduced the price of its popular Mmmm Sundae from $2.25 to $1.75. As a result, the firms daily sales of these sundaes have increased from 1,500/day to 1,800/day. Compute...

Q:

The Corporate and Auditing Accountability, Responsibility and Transparency Act is also known as the Sarbanes - Oxley Act. True False

Q:

write in c++ Exercise 2: Write a C+ program (using switch case and nested if statement) that reads the following student information: ID prefix, ID Number, name, and GPA out of 4.0. Use 4 variables...

Q:

What is the environment we are trying to create?

Q:

How would we like to see ourselves?

Q:

How can we visually describe our goals?