Procter and Gamble has decided to make a bid for a greater share of the pet food market. They decide to due a promotional coupon across all of their geographic markets.

This is an example of:

A. Multi-market competition

B. A strategic action

C. A tactical action

D. Resource similarity

E. None of these

The Operating System market is dominated by one massive player: Microsoft, which has 80% market share with its Windows operating system. When Corus, a productivity software company, expanded into operating systems as well, Microsoft offered multiple promotions to discount the price of Windows far below that of Corus, squeezing Corus out of the market. Once Corus declared bankruptcy, Microsoft ceased discounting and prices went back to their previous levels.

This is an example of:

A. Rivalry

B.Supplier power

C. Price Discrimination

D. Retaliation