Programming Languages Please Solve:

Consider the following pseudocode:

procedure main()

a : integer := 1

b : integer := 2

c : integer := 3

procedure first()

b : integer := a

a : integer := 3

procedure second()

print a, b, c

c : integer := b

--body of first

second()

print a, b, c

--body of main

first()

print a, b, c

Suppose this was code for a language with the declaration-order rules of C# (names must be declared before use, but the scope of a name is the entire block in which it is declared).

At each print statement, indicate which declarations of a, b and c are in the referencing environment. What does the program print (or will the compiler identify static semantic errors)?

Repeat the exercise for a language where names can be declared in any order, and their scope is the entire block in which they are declared.