python 3

Task-5: Copy the following lines in repl : from urllib.request import urlopen story = urlopen('http://sixty-north.com/c/t.txt') story_words = [] for line in story: line_words = line.split() for word in line_words: story_words.append(word) Press enter 2 times then paste the following two lines story.close() story_words Notice each word is a byte string returned from the HTTP response object. Modify the code so that you get proper string type objects. Hint: decode utf-8 encoding is used to decode each line TIPS: TIP-1: The only thing that a computer can store is bytes. To store anything in a computer, you must first encode it, i.e. convert it to bytes. For example: If you want to store music, you must first encode it using MP3, WAV, etc. If you want to store a picture, you must first encode it using PNG, JPEG, etc. If you want to store text, you must first encode it using ASCII, UTF-8, etc. MP3, WAV, PNG, JPEG, ASCII and UTF-8 are examples of encodings. An encoding is a format to represent audio, images, text, etc in bytes. In Python, a byte string is just that: a sequence of bytes. It isn't human-readable. Under the hood, everything must be converted to a byte string before it can be stored in a computer. On the other hand, a character string, often just called a "string", is a sequence of characters. It is human-readable. A character string can't be directly stored in a computer, it has to be encoded first (converted into a byte string). There are multiple encodings through which a character string can be converted into a byte string, such as ASCII and UTF-8. 'I am a string'.encode('ASCII') The above Python code will encode the string 'I am a string' using the encoding ASCII. The result of the above code will be a byte string. If you print it, Python will represent it as b'I am a string'. Remember, however, that byte strings aren't human-readable, it's just that Python decodes them from ASCII when you print them. In Python, a byte string is represented by a b, followed by the byte string's ASCII representation. A byte string can be decoded back into a character string, if you know the encoding that was used to encode it. b'I am a string'.decode('ASCII') The above code will return the original string 'I am a string'. Encoding and decoding are inverse operations. Everything must be encoded before it can be written to disk, and it must be decoded before it can be read by a human. TIP-2: Why we are allowed to add comma at the end of the list? It is a maintainability feature When you have a literal value for a list, tuple, or dictionary spread across multiple lines, it's easier to add more elements because you don't have to remember to add a comma to the previous line. TIP-3: A new entry is created when a key is not there in the dictionary