Q$2.$ Vehicle detection loops, called inductive$-$loop traffic detectors, can detect vehicles passing or arriving at a certain point, for instance approaching a traffic light or in motorway traffic. An insulated, electrically conducting loop is installed in the pavement. Detector uses a LC oscillator consist of a wire loop buried in the ground underneath the road surface $($ L $),$ a capacitor bank $($C$)$ to detect vehicles. Presence of a car above the loop buried in the ground changes the inductance of the loop embedded in the road which then alters the operating frequency of the oscillator. The operation frequency is between $10$ kHz to $200$ kHz $,$ depending on the model and standards.

Using block diagrams, explain in detail how do you design this system using

a$)$ A x$86$ based microprocessor system,

b$)$ An ARM Cortex$-$M$4$ based microprocessor system.