$($Q$5)$ a$.$ Write the following papers' citations using the IEEE formula.

A reliability$-$constrained optimisation framework for offshore

wind turbine support structures

Mohammad Rezvanipour ${?}^a,$ Athanasios Kolios ${?}^b,$ Peyman Amirafshari ${?}^a$ and Lin Wang ${?}^c$

$*$Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United

Kingdom; ${?}^D$ Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark; ${?}^D$ Department of

Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

abstract

A new approach that links finite element analysis $($FEA$)$ and a genetic

algorithm $($GA$)$ with Monte Carlo simulation $($MCS$)$ for the reliability$-$

constrained optimal design of offshore wind turbine $($OWT$)$ support

structure is presented. This approach has been applied to optimise the

NREL SMW OWT on OC$3$ support structure. The objective function

minimises the weight of the support structure, constrained to design

and performance limits$,$ by attaining the desired reliability level. A

response analysis of the reference OWT is performed to estimate design

loads. Then, deterministic optimisation $($DO$)$ is carried out to find the

candidate design solutions. After that, a reliability assessment is

conducted to apply the target reliability constraint. This study reveals

that the design of a monopile support structure is mainly driven by

fatigue limit state. Also, there is no guarantee that DO candidate

designs always meet the structural reliability target level in all capacities.

ARTICLE HISTORY

Received $22$ June $2022$

Accepted $3$ May $2024$

KEYWORDS

Offshore wind turbine,

deterministic optimisation;

reliability$-$constrained

optimisation; genetic

algorithm; finite element

analyis

Experimental Tests of the Operating Conditions of a

Micro Gas Turbine Device

Roberto Capata

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. University of Roma "Sapienza", Roma $00184,$ Italy

Received: November $26,2014/$ Accepted: January $05,2015/$ Published: April $30,2015.$

Abstract: The aim of this work is to analyze the performance of a commercial micro gas turbine, focusing on the analysis of the fuel

consumption and the outlet compressor and turbine temperature at various rpm$,$ and to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the

device. A test bench has been assembled with the available equipment in the laboratory of the department of mechanical and aerospace

engineering in Roma. By using the software supplied by the manufacturer, the evaluation of the operating performance of the device at

different speeds has been performed, obtaining all the values of interest.

Key words: Gas turbine, test bench, experimental tests.