QUESTION $1$

$1\mathrm{.}1$ Michaelis$-$Menten kinetics are used to describe intracellular reactions, where $[$EO$]$ ~~$[SO].$ Yet, in in vitro batch reactors, the quasi$-$steady$-$state hypothesis does not hold for $.$ The rapid equilibrium assumption also will not hold. Explain why Michaelis$-$Menten kinetics and the quasi$-$steady$-$state approximation are still reasonable descriptions of intracellular enzyme reactions.

$(4)$

$1\mathrm{.}2$ You are working for company A and you join a research group working on immobilized enzymes. Samuel, the head of the lab, claims that immobilization improves the stability of the enzyme. His proof is that the enzyme has a half$-$life of $10$ days in free solution, but under identical conditions of temperature, $PH,$ and medium composition, the measured half$-$life of a packed column is $30$ days. The enzyme is immobilized in a porous sphere $5mm$ in diameter. Is Samuel's reasoning, right? Do you agree with him? Why or why not?

$(4)$

$1\mathrm{.}3$ Name three major categories of metabolic reactions in a bacterial cell.

$1\mathrm{.}4$ Illustrate by using a fully labelled diagram the metabolic reactions in a bacterial

$(7)$

cell.

$[21$ Marks$]$