QUESTION $1(15$ Marks$)$

In the narrative it is argued that while the Constitution establishes municipalities for the whole of the territory of South Africa,

it constitutes government as national, provincial, and local spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent,

and interrelated. This imply that the three spheres of government should work as a unit, within a institutional framework.

Deliberate the principles of such an institutional framework for intergovernmental relations in South Africa.

QUESTION $2(15$ Marks$)$

In the narrative it is argued that the capability of the national and provincial state to impact on the local state will enter a

phase where it will be mediated through policy filters that advance one political hegemony or persuasion or the other, save

for where the provincial or national governing hegemony is of the same political party. Critically explain and describe the

developmental agenda of intergovernmental relations and cooperative governance for local government.