Question 1 15 marks

Social responsibility involves taking actions that help advance society. One of the approachesthat illustrate a business responses to social responsibility is the Defensive stance.

a. What is meant by defensive stance to CSR? How does the Defensive stance differ from the Accommodative stance?

b. Illustrate and explain why some actions of tobacco companies are deemed to follow a Defensive stance to CSR.

Question 2 15 marks

Dunphy, Griffiths, and Benn (2007) developed a 6 Phase Model to describe the stages a business will progress through in its transformation to becoming a sustainable organisation. One of the phases identified by the authors is the Strategic Proactivity phase.

a. Describe the sustainability objectives and indicators typical of businesses in the Strategic Proactivity phase.

b. Describe the possible strategic opportunities that could be of interest to a manufacturer of water pumps (used for agricultural and other industrial functions), that wished to proactively position itself as an innovative company developing sustainable products.

Question 3 15 marks

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation described the link between circular economy (CE) practices and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) as a two-way relationship. That means whereas CE practices can directly or indirectly impact SDGs outcomes, SDG actions can also facilitate the uptake of CE practices.

a. Using 3 SDGs as an example, discuss how circular economy practices help to achieve these goals?

b. Using 2 SDGs as an example, discuss how these two SDGs facilitate the uptake of CE practices?