question:$(2$ points$)"$How do principles of structural mechanics influence the design and construction of civil engineering projects, such as bridges, dams, and buildings, ensuring their stability and durability amidst various loads and environmental conditions? Additionally, how do foundational theories like elasticity, plasticity, and material science contribute to optimizing structural integrity and performance? Furthermore, in what ways do theoretical concepts like finite element analysis and computational modeling aid engineers in simulating and predicting structural behavior, facilitating innovation and efficiency in civil engineering practices? Explore the intersection of theory and application in civil engineering, elucidating its pivotal role in shaping modern infrastructure."