Question

$32-$bit Intel x$86$ architectures used a $2-$level page table. They used a page size of $4$ Kilobytes. The page table had a first level called a page directory, with $1024$ entries. Each entry in the page directory held the address of a page table with $1024$ entries. The architecture of this page table is shown below. The bottom part of the figure shows a page table entry. This particular page table uses $1$ valid bit $($least significant bit$)$ and a total of $11$ bits for protection $($access privileges$)$ and for tracking dirty $($written since fetched from disk$)$ pages.