Question 3: Example for published literature

See the excerpt below from an article titled "Feasibility and Preliminary Outcomes of a Physical Therapist-Administered Physical Activity Intervention After Total Knee Replacement"

Objective

To explore the feasibility, fidelity, safety, and preliminary outcomes of a physical therapist-administered physical activity (PA) intervention after total knee replacement (TKR).

Methods

People who had undergone a unilateral TKR and were receiving outpatient physical therapy (PT) were randomized to a control or intervention group. Both groups received standard PT for TKR. The intervention included being provided with a Fitbit Zip, step goals, and 1 phone call a month for 6 months after discharge from PT.

We calculated the mean and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for continuous variables and frequency counts for categorical variables to describe participant characteristics. Independentt-tests and chi-square tests were used to evaluate baseline differences between the intervention and control groups for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.

Results

All participants (11 = 43) Intervention (n = 20) Control (n = 23) Age, years 67.0 :1: 7.0 Women, no. (%) 23 (53.4) BMI (kg/m2)h 31.5 :1: 5.9 Education (2 college), no. (%) 20 (51.3) White (other), no. (%) 39 (91) Time 'om TKR to PT, days 13.8 i 21.3 Total number ofPT mm Cut 19 i 8 Duration of PT in mm 9.7 i 3.4 Unilateral TKR side (right), no. (%) 22 (52.7) All participants (11 = 43) Intervention (n = 20) Control (n = 23) | 21 (50.3) Knee pain at worst (VAS) 6.5 i 2.9 Knee exion (degrees 85.4 i 31.4 Knee extension (degrees 5.7 i 4.4 66.5 i 6.9 s (40.0) 31.1 i5.6 10 (55.0) 19 (95) 9.6i 7.0 2018 10.4 i 5.5 15 (75.0) 11 (55.0) 6.5i 2.8 76.3 :1: 36.2 5.5i3.8 67.5 $7.2 15 (65.2) 32.0 i6.3 10 (47.6) 20 (87) 18.0i 35.99 1817 9.0:t2.7 7 (30.4) 10 (45.5) 6.6i3.0 94.5 3:266 5.9i5.0 P 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.3