Question $4(25$ marks$)$

$($a$)$ Bioplastics are a form of plastics derived from renewable biomass sources.

i$.$ Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bioplastics.

ii$.$ Describe the impact of bioplastics on the environment.

$(4$ marks$)$

$(4$ marks$)$

$($b$)$ What metric is used to determine the quality of gasoline? Identify two refinery

conversion processes used to optimise the quality of gasoline. Petwn $(4$ marks$)$

hydativiny

$($c$)$ Why is vacuum distillation used for separation of the highest boiling$-$point fractions in

crude oil?

$(1$ mark$)$

$($d$)$ Identify two considerations that impact how much wind power can be extracted from a

large array of wind turbines.

$(2$ marks$)$

$($e$)$ Provide one example of how each of the following can be harnessed to obtain a form of

renewable energy and identify the technology used to do so:

i$.$ Kinetic energy

$(1$ mark$)$

ii$.$ Thermal energy

$(1$ mark$)$

iii. Gravitational energy

$(1$ mark$)$

iv$.$ Potential energy

$(1$ mark$)$

$($f$)$ For each of the following, identify two advantages and two challenges:

i$.$ Hydropower

$(2$ marks$)$

ii$.$ Geothermal energy

$(2$ marks$)$

iii. Biomass energy

$(2$ marks$)$