Question $44(2$ points$)$

As part of a strategy for improving competitiveness, a manager may have to initially sacrifice:

$$ research and development

short$-$term performance

employee pay raises $3$

product or service quality

Question $45(2$ points$)$

The process of dismantling and inspecting a competitor's new or revised product for the purpose of gleaning design ideas is called:

$$ design by imitation

product analysis

reverse engineering

$$ benchmarking

Question $46(2$ points$)$

Which of the following characterizes decision$-$making under uncertainty?

Decision$-$makers must rely on probabilities in assessing outcomes.

The likelihood of possible future events is unknown

$$ Relevant parameters have known values.