Question $4$

A pipe carrying water experiences a sudden increase in area as shown in fig $2.$ The area at point $(1)$ is $0\mathrm{.}25m^2$ and the diameter at point $(2)$ it is $0\mathrm{.}4m.$ The pressure at point $(2)$ is $20$kPa and the velocity is $1\mathrm{.}2\frac{m}{s}.$ Water in the pipe has a laminar flow behaviour with Re determined as $256.$ The density of water is $1000k\frac{g}{m^3}.$ The distance between the two points is $65m.$

$V_2$

Fig. $1.$ Pipe with a change in area

Calculate the following:

a$.$ The velocity at point $(2).$

b$.$ The flow rate

$[4]$

c$.$ The mass flow rate.

$[3]$

d$.$ The total head loss due to friction.

$[3]$

e$.$ The pressure at point $(2).$

$[3]$

f$.$ The force acting on the section.

$[3]$

$[4]]$

Question $5$

A pipe with a diameter of $0\mathrm{.}8m$ carries water from the main sump in the Sentinel Pit to the Lime Dozing Plant $($LDP$)$ with an average velocity of $5\frac{m}{s}.$

a$.$ Compute the flow rate of the water in the pipe;